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We protect you from all online threats — for free ( Avira)
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https://www.avira.com/en/free-antivirus              We protect you from all online threats — for free            Ransomware
What is ransomware?

There are two types of ransomware: crypto-ransomware that encrypts files (rendering them unreadable), and screen-locking ransomware that locks the home screen. In both cases, the authors of malicious software demand a ransom from its victims to access the files and device.        Adware
What is adware?

Adware stands for “advertising software”, a program that displays banner ads and/or pop-ups on devices without permission.
Adware distinguishes itself from your typical in-product ads, in-app banners, and service-supported ads in the following ways:

• The software, which displays the ads, was installed without your explicit consent (often unnoticed during the installation process).

• The adware hijacks your web browser and redirects you to third party websites.

• Sensitive information related to your web browsing and purchasing habits is collected without your knowledge and consent.        Spyware
What is spyware?

Spyware is software that secretly monitors and collects information.
Spyware can be used legally. Certain companies install it on their employees’ computers to monitor sensitive activities (in which case, it ought to be included in their contracts). It is also included in some parental control programs, which can work in a similar fashion to keep a watchful eye out for cyberbullying.      Hacking
What is a hacker?

It denotes an individual with outstanding programming skills. Although frequently used to denote criminal activity, the term itself is agnostic.
Hackers are frequently divided into 3 categories: Black Hat, White Hat, and Grey Hat.

• Black Hat hackers are computer programmers who use their skill for illicit activities, such as developing malware.

• White Hat hackers, on the other hand, are frequently hired by companies with the explicit purpose of testing their network defenses.

• Grey Hat hackers are a more elusive community usually associated with hacktivism, a hacking activity driven by political or social motivations.
The prominent Anonymous group is often thought of as a community of Grey Hat hackers.      Phishing
What are phishing attacks?

These are attempts to capture sensitive information by cybercriminals masquerading as banks, social media platforms, and other official entities.      Rootkits
What are rootkits?

It’s a technique used by software to gain long-term access to a computer without having the required permission. Rootkits are typically installed by other malware to cover their traces. For example, a keylogger might siphon off passwords and credit card details, while the rootkit hides the traffic to keep the theft unbeknown to the user. Other cases involve Trojans that install a rootkit in order to create a botnet.    Trojans
What is a Trojan?

Trojans are malicious programs that misrepresent themselves to appear routine or helpful, but actually carry out hidden functions.      Worms
What is a computer worm?

Worms are malicious programs similar to viruses: they cause havoc on devices and are able to self-replicate. Unlike viruses, which need human action to propagate, worms are able to send out hundreds of thousands of copies of themselves via email, or spread via USB devices and shared folders.
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